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如何学习音标?

168 2024-01-15 19:22 admin

音标是学习英语的第一步,想要学好音标需要认识音标、会读音标,这样以后才能认识单词。在学习音标前,我们要先知道国际音标有48个,元音有20个,辅音有28个,元音又分为单元音和双元音,单元音有12个,双元音有8个。

音标数目

在上表中,我们可以看到音标有48个,现在我们常说的国际音标也是48个。

可以点击下面链接学习音标。

《【48个英语音标示范读音-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK》

元音部分

辅音部分

音标的分类

最实用的分类方式是:元音=长元音+短元音+双元音;辅音=清辅音+浊辅音。

英语一共有48个国际音标,包括20个元音,28个辅音。

20个元音包括5个长元音:/i:/、/ɜ:/、/u:/、/a:/、/ɔ:/;

7个短元音:[i] [ə] [ɔ] [u] [ʌ] [e] [æ];

8个双元音:/eɪ、/aɪ/、/ɔɪ/、/ɪə/、/eə/、/ʊə/、/əʊ/、/aʊ/;

注意:

1、长元音顾名思义就是发的音比较长而饱满;短元音则发的音比较短而急;

2、双元音就是两个单元音拼在一起,成为组合音。双元音发音的特点是前面的单元音发音长,后面的发音比较短。

28个辅音包括:轻辅音/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /h/

浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /r/

鼻音 /m/ /n/ /ŋ/

半元音 /j/ /w/

边音 /ǀ/

发音技巧

长元音

点击这个视频学习长元音发音。《【元音音标(长元音)-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/xz9mOz3》

5个长元音/i:/、/ɜ:/、/u:/、/a:/、/ɔ:/发音技巧。

(1)/i:/发音技巧:

发音时舌尖抵下齿,口形扁平。在发音的时候要尽量拉长,就像古人喝醉酒以后吟诗的感觉。

单词举例:bee [biː] n. 蜜蜂;see [siː] v. 看见,参看

(2)/ɜ:/发音技巧:

/ɜ:/是长元音,近似于北京腔的“儿”话音,如“花儿”的“儿”。发好这个音,关键在于卷舌!

单词举例:shirt [ʃə:t] n. 衬衫,男士衬衫;nurse [nə:s] n. 护士,保姆

(3)/u:/发音技巧

发这个音时双唇用力向前突出,有点像拉长了音说“乌”,但要注意,“乌”的口形较扁。

单词举例:moon [mu:n] n. 月球,月亮;room [ruːm] n. 房间,空间

(4)/a:/发音技巧

发音时口张大,双唇稍收圆。发音时可以照着镜子,说“啊”,看看嘴巴张得够不够大,记得要将嘴巴尽量张大。

单词举例:ask [a:sk] v. 问,询问; far [fa:r] adj. 远的

(5)/ɔ:/发音技巧

发这个音时,双唇稍稍收圆,并向前突出,发音接近于汉语“嗷”。这是个长元音,记住:长元音一定要拉长,发出来才好听。

单词举例:door [dɔ:r] n. 门; short [ʃɔ:t] adj. 短的

短元音

点击这个视频学习短元音发音。《【【英语音标7个短元音/ʌ/ /ɒ/ /ə/ /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /e/ /æ/怎么读?】-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/fo9Bd5E》

7个短元音:/i/、/ə/、 /ɔ/、/u/、/ʌ/、/e/、/æ/

(1)/i/发音技巧

它是个短元音,发音要短促而轻快。

单词举例:big [bɪɡ] adj. 大的,庞大的;Fit [fit] v. 合身,适合于

(2)/ə/发音技巧

发音时舌身平放,双唇扁平。发这个音时不用卷舌。

单词举例:teacher [ˈtiːtʃə] n. 老师,教师; mother [ˈmʌðə] n. 母亲

(3)/ɔ/ 发音技巧

这是一个短元音,发音一定要短,发音比/ɔ:/短一些,双唇稍稍收圆,并向前突出。

单词举例:dog [dɔg] n.狗,家伙;hot [hɔt] adj. 热的,辣的

(4)/u/ 发音技巧

发音时双唇收圆,稍突出。就像发汉语中的“乌”,但没发完就给打断了一样。

单词举例:book [bʊk] n. 书,卷;cook [kʊk] vt. 烹调,煮

(5)/ʌ/ 发音技巧

发音时舌尖和舌端两侧轻触下齿,唇形稍扁,开口度较大。这个发音有点像发“啊”音时突然被谁卡住了脖子的感觉。

单词举例:brother['brʌðə(r)] n. 哥哥,弟弟;mother [ˈmʌðə] n. 母亲

(6)/e/发音技巧

发音时舌尖抵下齿,舌前部稍抬起,上下嘴张开的角度大约呈“45度”,同时发出声音。

单词举例:leg [leg] v. n. 腿,支柱; desk [desk] n. 书桌

(7)/æ/发音技巧

发音时,双唇向两边平伸,张开嘴,嘴唇放松逐渐压低舌头7和下颚,尽可能夸张。

单词举例:bad [bæd] :adj. 坏的,不好的;cat [kæt] :n. 猫,猫科动物

双元音

点击这个视频学习双元音发音。《【【英语基础】英语国际音标-8个双元音的发音-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/VQsPDdl》

8个双元音发音技巧:/eɪ/、/aɪ/、/ɔɪ/、/ɪə/、/eə/、/ʊə/、/əʊ/、/aʊ/

(1)/eɪ/发音技巧

该音是个双元音,发音时双唇稍扁,口形从半开到合。类似于英文字母“A”。

单词举例:say[sei] v.说;delay[diˈlei] n. 延迟 

(2)/aɪ/发音技巧

发此音的关键是要把/a/音发足,接近于英文字母中的“I”。

单词举例:ice  [ais] n. 冰,雪糕;side [said] n. 面,边

(3)/ɔɪ/发音技巧

发音时双唇从圆到扁,口形从开到合。接近于汉语发音“奥一”。

单词举例:oil  [ɔil] n. 油,石油;noise [nɔɪz] n. 噪音,嘈杂声

(4)/ɪə/发音技巧

发声时,由第一个音[i]向[ə]集中,接近于汉语发音“一呃”。

单词举例:fear   [fɪər] :n. 害怕,可能性;dear   [dɪər] :adj. 亲爱的

(5)/eə/发音技巧

接近于汉语发音“哎呃”。

单词举例:bear  [bɛə] :n. 熊;wear  [wɛə] :vt. 穿着

(6)/ʊə/发音技巧

第一个是“短乌音”/u/,第二个是/ə/。类似于汉语发音“屋呃”。

单词举例:sure [ʃʊər] adj. 确信的,确实的;pure  [pjʊər] adj. 纯的; 单纯的

(7)/əʊ/发音技巧

舌位由半低到高,口形由半开到小。接近于汉语发音“呃屋”。

单词举例: flow  [fləu] :vi. 流;glow   [ɡləʊ] :vi. 发光,灼热

(8)/aʊ/发音技巧

由第一个音向第二个音滑动,接近于汉语发音“啊屋”。

单词举例:cow [kaʊ] n. 奶牛,乳牛;hour [aʊər] n. 小时,钟头

辅音

点击这个视频学习辅音发音。《【英语音标(辅音部分),发音规则与技巧!美式发音,地道口语!清辅音,浊辅音!初级,零基础,欢迎新手!-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/dCgZVAA》

11个清辅音 /p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /h/

11个浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /r/

注意:

清辅音:发音时送气,声带不颤动(颤不颤用手放在喉咙上就知道了)

浊辅音:发音时不送气(拿张纸放在嘴前,纸没有被吹开),声带颤动。

(1)/p/ /b/谐音分别为“普”、“卜”,都省去韵母成分

发音方法:/p/是清辅音,声带不振动;/b/是浊辅音,声带振动。

单词举例:/p/:pen [pen] n.钢笔;pin [pin] n.大头针

/b/:bike [baik] n.自行车;beg [beg] v.乞求

(2)/t/ /d/分别谐音“特”、“得”。

发音方法:/t/是清辅音,声带不振动;/d/是浊辅音,声带振动。

单词举例:/t/ :ten [ten] num; test [test] n. 试验, 考验

/d/: student [ˈstudnt]  n.学生; date  [deɪt] n.日期、日子、约见时间 v.注明日期、写上日期

(3)/k/ /g/分别谐音“可”、“嗝”。

发音方法:发音时舌后部隆起紧贴软颚,憋住气,然后突然分开,气流送出口腔,形成爆破音。/k/是清辅音,声带不要振动;/g/是浊辅音,声带需要振动。

单词举例:/k/ :kite [kait] n. 风筝;cake [keɪk] n. 蛋糕

/g/: glove [ɡlʌv] n. 手套;girl [ɡə:l] n. 女孩

(4)/f/ /v/

/f/谐音“府”,/v/就是北方人把W读成V那种感觉。

发音方法:发音前,上齿咬住下嘴唇,然后使气流由唇齿间的缝隙中通过,从而引起摩擦。

/f/是清辅音,发音时声带不震动;/v/是浊辅音,发音时声带振动。

单词举例:/f/:flower ['flaʊər] n. 花;fly [flai] vi.飞, 飞行

/v/:love [lʌv] v. 爱;seven [ˈsevən] num. 七

(5)/θ/ /ð/ 牙齿轻咬舌尖发出的音

发音方法:发音时,舌尖微微伸出,置于上下门齿之间,舌尖和下齿之间的气流通道非常窄小,气流从舌齿间的窄缝中通过。/θ/是清辅音,发音时声带不振动;/ð/是浊辅音,发音时声带振动。

单词举例:/θ/:three [θri:] num. 三; throw [θrəʊ] vi. 投掷

/ð/:this [ðɪs] pron. 这,这个,这里; mother [ˈmʌðə(r)] n. 母亲

(6)/s/ 谐音“丝”,/z/“zi”

发音方法:发音时舌端靠近齿龈,气流由舌端齿龈间送出。/s/是清辅音,声带不振动;/z/是浊浦音,声带振动。

单词举例:/s/:school [sku:l] n. 学校,学院;bus [bʌs] n. 公共汽车

/z/:please [pli:z] int.请;zoo [zu:] n.动物园

(7)/ts/ /dz/分别谐音“次”、“自”

发音方法:舌端先贴住上齿龈,堵住气流,气流送出口腔。/ts/是清辅音,声带不振动,/dz/是浊辅音,声带振动。

单词举例:/ts/:cats [kæts] n. 猫( cat的名词复数 );hats [hæts] n. 帽子( hat的名词复数 )

/dz/:hands [hændz] n.手;lands [lændz] n.陆地

(8)/tr/ /dr/分别谐音“戳”、“捉”

发音方法:舌尖贴齿龈后部,气流冲破阻碍发出短促的/t/后立即发/r/。/tr/是清辅音,声带不振动;/dr/是浊辅音,声带振动。

单词举例:/tr/ : tree [tri:] n. 树,木料;try [traɪ] vt.& vi. 试图

/dr/:dress [dres] n.连衣裙;drink [drɪŋk] v.喝酒

(9)/∫/ /ʒ/分别谐音“诗”、“日”

发音方法:/∫/是清辅音,声带不振动;/ʒ/是浊辅音,声带振动。

单词举例:/∫/:English [ˈɪŋglɪʃ] adj. 英格兰的; 英国的;rubbish [ˈrʌbɪʃ] n. 垃圾;

/ʒ/:pleasure [ˈpleʒə] n.快乐,愉快;casual [ˈkæʒuəl] adj意外的,偶然的

(10)/t∫/ /dʒ/分别谐音“吃”、“之”

发音方法:发音时舌身抬高,舌端抵上齿龈后部,气流通过时发出破擦音。/t∫/是清辅音,声带不振动;/dʒ/是浊辅音,声带振动。

单词举例:/t∫/: chalk [tʃɔ:k] n. 粉笔;chair [tʃeər] n. 椅子

/dʒ/:page [peɪdʒ] n.页 ;age [eɪdʒ] n.年龄

(11)/h/ /r/分别谐音“呵”、“若”,省去韵母成分。

发音方法:

发/h/这个音时,嘴半开,气流从口腔不受阻碍而出,声带不振动,清辅音。

发/r/这个音时,舌端上卷,靠近上齿龈附近,嘴唇张开并保持略圆状态,气流从口腔涌出,声带振动,属于浊辅音。

单词举例: /h/: hair [heə(r)] n.头发;hate [heɪt] v.恨,厌恶

/r/: sorry ['sɒrɪ] v.对不起 ;write [raɪt] v.写

鼻音

点击这个视频学习鼻音发音。《【(21)鼻音 m n ŋ | 英语音标发音口型示范 | 美式发音-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/8P1jfXx》

(1)/m/谐音“恩”

发音方法:双唇紧闭,软腭下垂,气流从鼻腔发出,声带震动。闭口音。

单词举例:major [ˈmeɪdʒə(r)] adj.主要的;time [taɪm] n.时间

(2)/n/谐音“呢”

发音方法:舌尖顶住上齿龈,形成阻碍,气流从鼻腔发出,同时声带震动,开口音。

单词举例:nice [naɪc] adj.漂亮的;funny [ˈfʌni] adj.有趣的

(3)/ŋ/谐音“英”,省去声母部分

发音方法:发音时气流从鼻腔涌出,声带振动。

单词举例: think [θɪŋk] v.想;angel [ˈeɪndʒl] n.天使

边音

点击这个视频学习边音发音。《【真正的国际音标-边音 Lateral-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/G9C7X9F》

/l/谐音“里”

发音方法:舌尖顶住上齿龈,发音时气流从舌面的两侧通过,声带保持震动,属于浊辅音。

单词举例:light [laɪt] n.光线 ;ball [bɔ:l] n.球

半元音

点击这个视频学习半元音发音。《【BBC英语 其他辅音 半元音'w'的发音 与'v'的区别 国际音标发音|Pronunciation Tips 34 - Other Consonant-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/fC2pYDl》

/j/谐音“耶”

发音方法:发音时声带震动,气流口腔发出。浊辅音,发音口型类似/ i/.

单词举例:ye [jes] adv.是的;young [jʌŋ] adj.年轻的

/w/谐音“屋”

发音方法:嘴唇张开到刚好可以含住一根吸管的程度,并向前微噘起,但上齿不能接触下唇,立刻滑向其后的元音。

单词举例:wish [wɪʃ] :v. 希望; which [wɪtʃ] :pron. 哪一个

学习步骤

抄写

抄写音标,并了解音标特点。

对音标的基本认知

1、区别长短音带“:”的音标发音相对较长不带“:”的音标发音相对较短。

2、区别清辅音和浊辅音核心区别:清辅音声带不震动,浊辅音声带振动。

模仿练习

找合适的视频学习学习跟读。例如b站上《【赖世雄48个英语音标朗读示范,美音英音对照版-哔哩哔哩】 【https://b23.tv/sHYQFZ3】》、《【李咏梅老师英语(音标部分)——最牛的初中英语老师!没有之一!李咏梅国际音标 (完整版发音篇)-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/U1pmjNE》、《【纯正英式发音】这是BBC出品的到现在为止最棒的英语发音教程(完整版)-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/gZzDKl5》,以上几个视频都非常不错,详细讲解每个音标的读法。注意视频一定至少跟读5遍,才能确保你的学习效果。

也可以通过下面这个视频观察发音口型的变化。

《【48个英语音标示范读音-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK》

1、模仿练习,学习国际音标的发音,要注意观察老师的口型,观察发音部位的变化,主动模仿发音,初学可以对着镜子模仿练习,特别是元音发音的舌位高低,口腔开口度大小与音色关系十分密切,可以通过镜子观察口型上的区别,观察舌尖、舌面、舌叶的活动情况,比如u和o、i和e、e和ε等等,掌握准确口腔开口度,对于准确发音具有非常重要的意义。

2、听音训练:学习国际音标需要认识48个音标,通过反反复复的听力练习,达到强化记忆。听音训练,如果有条件,可以多听老师朗读音标,也可以使用录音带反复听音,本课件中的每个音素,都可以循环倾听,强化记忆。

3、多动口,动口是加强实践的关键和核心,听音也好,模仿也好,比较也好,最终要归结到自己发音这一目标上来,所以勤动口是掌握国际音标发音的关键。俗话说,"三天不写手生,三天不念口生",说的就是要加强动手动口能力的培养。因此学习国际音标,要时时加强语音训练,勤动口,反复实践练习,在实践中比较,在实践中体会差别,做到熟能生巧,这样自然就掌握国际音标的发音了。

重点音标讲解

单元音

[i:] =“一”

[ɪ]:[ɪ]开口要比[i:]稍大,注意比较两图口型。

[e] 嘴张45°,[æ]嘴张90°

[ɜ:r] [ər]=“二”

[ə]=额(不卷舌)

[ʌ]:开口比“啊”略小

[ɑ:r]=卷舌的“啊”

[ɑ] =“啊”

[ɔ] =开口稍大的“哦”

[ɔ:r]=卷舌的“哦”

[u:]核心:双唇由半开微突,过渡到合嘴圆唇

[ʊ] 发成噘嘴的[ə],气流向外。

双元音

双元音较简单,大多数可进行类比,注意双元音的重音在第一个音标,即前一个音读的稍重,后一个音读的较轻。

[eɪ]=“A”

[aɪ]=“I”

[əʊ]=“O”

[ɔɪ]=“哦一”

[ɪə]=ear

[eə]=air

[ʊə]=“乌尔”

辅音

大部分辅音跟“汉语拼音”都有相似之处,直接看视频模仿即可,这里只讲解易错发音。

爆破音:

[t] [p] [k] 不要读成[tə] [pə] [kə] 注意:它们声带不震动

摩擦音:

[f][v] 咬唇音,注意上齿咬下唇

[θ][ð]

上下齿轻咬舌头,发音时能看到你的舌头露出

[ʃ]=不发音的“诗” [ʒ]= “日”

[r]=撅嘴+卷舌的“热” [h]=不发音+舌头平放的“喝”

鼻音

[m] 合嘴

[n] 舌前部抵住上颚

[ŋ] 嘴巴张开

舌侧音[l]

元音前:跟拼音“l”发音一致元音后:发“l”的前半段

半元音

[j] “也”

[w] =圆唇噘嘴的“我”

破擦音

[tʃ]= 不发声的“吃”

[dʒ]= “居”

[ts]=不发声的“次”

[dz]=“子”

[tr] 先发“t”,在发“r”,最后结合在一起

[dr] 同上

词汇拼读

1、规划拼读任务,拿出单词书或课本词汇表,找只含1~2个音节的单词拼读,20个为一组,每天练习3组,当然如果有时间,多进行几组也OK,加强效果。后期难度逐渐加大。

2、输入法识别词汇,每拼读一个词汇,都对着X飞输入法的语音识别功能朗读,看能否被输入法识别出单词,用机器来检测是否读的准确。

3、听词汇跟读,不管输入法识别出单词,还是没识别出单词,都要查手机字典,来听一遍听力,并跟读,模仿语调和轻重读音。

例如:Cash driver apartment money breakfast lawyer agency

学习计划

1、国际音标,一共48个,每天学4个,12天学完,元音和辅音每天各学习两个。

2、学完以后结合和音标相关的单词,每天坚持读一个小时,第二天要把第一天的一块儿读,第三天要把前两天的一块儿读,依次类推,坚持学完所有的音标,就可以读字典上任何一个单词。

3、长期坚持下去,会发现其实很多字母和音标有着关联,比如ph都发音标f的音,字母u发尖a的音,类似的规律,当大家坚持下来以后会发现很多,同时你甚至可以听到单词的发音就能把单词拼出来,直接就把背单词的问题解决了,音标会读,单词会读,单词会背,听力当然也不再是问题。自己总结出来的规律说明真的学会了,同时自己得出来的结论要比老师直接告诉你印象更深刻,同时最重要的是用起来更容易。

注意事项

1、了解发音要领,模仿老师口型

学习语音,一定要注意口型,并仔细揣摩每个音标的发音要领,特别是相似音标的发音区别。

零基础学员不要以为盯着老师的口型就好了,其实发音很多都是内部器官看不到的, 所以需要老师正确的发音示范,跟着老师一起读,然后再加上老师给的一些技巧,继续跟读,老师感觉哪有问题,再帮着纠正,这样一系列过程才是练成标准发音的秘籍。

2、 单词拼读实战,一对一纠正错误

养成一口纯正口语最重要的还是练习练习再练习,单词拼读实战训练,巩固你的发音。不断读,不断纠正,训练单个音标到训练多个单词,在学习语音的过程中,再掌握一些基础的词汇。

3、辩音练习,纠正错误,掌握发音规律

训练难度会随着课程的深入不断加强,但还是训练相同的内容,一节课很多类似的训练内容。音标中很多类似的发音,将相似音放在一起对比再练习,舌头和耳朵在这很重要。

%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音标是学习英语的第一步,想要学好音标需要认识音标、会读音标,这样以后才能认识单词。在学习音标前,我们要先知道国际音标有48个,元音有20个,辅音有28个,元音又分为单元音和双元音,单元音有12个,双元音有8个。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"X0ayd2WScoy4M6xsFVmcneA8n8f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音标数目","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XGMMdqqKGoIkyGxmsOVcclDvnFd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在上表中,我们可以看到音标有48个,现在我们常说的国际音标也是48个。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AESAdWCuQoQUiuxmQkVcGNVXnbe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"可以点击下面链接学习音标。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E20kdWCCso4ykCx45GjcqgWynqa"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《【48个英语音标示范读音-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AqckdkO2SoWKyoxQJlCcXjKcn4f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"元音部分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MsOsda4UyoA0yUx4xP6czKClnJg"},,"attrs":{"height":345,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"元音部分","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a663fdb6f1284e47acca44c09060b0a2","width":694},"text":"","id":"AEKudCk2So0cmMxCAIeceBvxnjf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音部分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KisEdmSmgogIwoxC4ZMcG3QknLe"},,"attrs":{"height":601,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音部分","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7467dcbf994549a5a6381df079b4301f","width":561},"text":"","id":"PAIEdU6suogWcexSCXRc664TnUf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音标的分类","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YouadwUQwosyeyxasemc2PIHnjb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"最实用的分类方式是:元音=长元音+短元音+双元音;辅音=清辅音+浊辅音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IwWMdM0y4okSc6xUXz8cZOKMnWg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"英语一共有48个国际音标,包括20个元音,28个辅音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZEYEdomcAoIWSIx0gs6ctJvEnHg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"20个元音包括5个长元音:/i:/、/ɜ:/、/u:/、/a:/、/ɔ:/;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TOEMdsCmEo8wmuxy9sgchI0Dncu"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7个短元音:[i] [ə] [ɔ] [u] [ʌ] [e] [æ];","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JSgsdwwsWoc2i8xcLMycBbyfnae"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8个双元音:/eɪ、/aɪ/、/ɔɪ/、/ɪə/、/eə/、/ʊə/、/əʊ/、/aʊ/;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FEqydSEaYoYgAExG0OJcpQCinVe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QgMudGYi4ooOcUxmocWcCoCEn1I"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、长元音顾名思义就是发的音比较长而饱满;短元音则发的音比较短而急;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CUm2dg0ayooas8xw7mKc1LHmnHb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、双元音就是两个单元音拼在一起,成为组合音。双元音发音的特点是前面的单元音发音长,后面的发音比较短。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"L6kydWcCEosSoGx4YDdcStKNnRb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"28个辅音包括:轻辅音/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /h/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AIKwdykA4ogsCMxghM8cwNI2ndd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /r/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EKwedeuCIoQOQOxsPGjcKnRinVe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音 /m/ /n/ /ŋ/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NsCOdg4ACo2C8cxYDOvc9jprnMe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"半元音 /j/ /w/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YgEed6IysogkMcxCm9rcZCI9nMc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"边音 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看见,参看","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HoymdmuGiocUiExgVgicDvQJn2b"},,"attrs":{"height":306,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/11401e7cc5bc444dbe441c1675fed41f","width":451},"text":"","id":"Jwu8dI462oaeoYx2YiTciWTqnvE"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)/ɜ:/发音技巧:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ts2qdA6SgoseSMxKkuqcBll6nug"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/ɜ:/是长元音,近似于北京腔的“儿”话音,如“花儿”的“儿”。发好这个音,关键在于卷舌!","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OYYudyQECoAUWCxAXCXcpSQNnwb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:shirt [ʃə:t] n. 衬衫,男士衬衫;nurse [nə:s] n. 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","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/dCgZVAA"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/dCgZVAA","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DAMod2AYQoGwMYxmm7pcZVEgnRd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"11个清辅音 /p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /h/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JY04deUyUo4SOIx00V9cNrjgn2e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"11个浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /r/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Aya6dI06WoYGm0xgFG8cd2RWnVd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DCAKdYKa6o6CskxSKjOcMmqYnxe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"清辅音:发音时送气,声带不颤动(颤不颤用手放在喉咙上就知道了)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V4c8d0oaKoiiasxSJbIc3Phpn8z"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"浊辅音:发音时不送气(拿张纸放在嘴前,纸没有被吹开),声带颤动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C6msd8Wsao4MCox3aGXchxhTnit"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)/p/ /b/谐音分别为“普”、“卜”,都省去韵母成分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WqgqdeYCwoquUGxIpR6cp8i9n6b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法:/p/是清辅音,声带不振动;/b/是浊辅音,声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Q2iUduAywo0QcsxAPIvcauRYn1e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:/p/:pen [pen] n.钢笔;pin [pin] n.大头针","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I6YGdymweowsukxi0Chcjet4nbe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/b/:bike [baik] n.自行车;beg [beg] v.乞求","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IukEd2acUomqsix61ZlcYRZgntc"},{"type":"imageList","children":[,"attrs":{"height":291,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/606b063e5abc4abda1a64a5bcd15ed33","width":453},"text":"","id":"GAAodsy42oGcEOxqesecgGainDg"},,"attrs":{"height":279,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/62b2c2ff83cd446e913fc3894b60f5ed","width":453},"text":"","id":"LocqdA2WqoWwOmx4iqoc1Co1nzd"}],"text":"","id":"OUu0dw0IUoCAoKxWuwQcERpSn2g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)/t/ /d/分别谐音“特”、“得”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OUu0dw0IUoCAoKxWuwQcERpSn2g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法:/t/是清辅音,声带不振动;/d/是浊辅音,声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WqgudmymyoWeMyxG4qAcXd5Nn3f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:/t/ :ten [ten] num; test [test] n. 试验, 考验","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CmCsdscSUougQExs3LHcC6Yvnxc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/d/: student [ˈstudnt]  n.学生; date  [deɪt] n.日期、日子、约见时间 v.注明日期、写上日期","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QEwYdeUuqoceaWxmGpgcCQRAnaf"},{"type":"imageList","children":[,"attrs":{"height":285,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a42294e34f854b1db31a0c38ef37302c","width":450},"text":"","id":"Q8KYdagoIo4k20x8FBYcKkY5ng9"},,"attrs":{"height":303,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/904cd5e38687477288a3126fcc4f1018","width":454},"text":"","id":"EOGSdg44io6MwMxwFg2cxsvAnPf"}],"text":"","id":"DQQedqwyMooIEkxIKJIcVruHnlb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)/k/ /g/分别谐音“可”、“嗝”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DQQedqwyMooIEkxIKJIcVruHnlb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法:发音时舌后部隆起紧贴软颚,憋住气,然后突然分开,气流送出口腔,形成爆破音。/k/是清辅音,声带不要振动;/g/是浊辅音,声带需要振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CiO0dy8SCoiem2xKge6ccUbyn7e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:/k/ :kite [kait] n. 风筝;cake [keɪk] n. 蛋糕","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FUQodyeyyoWuQAx2JGYcZNT1nqd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/g/: glove [ɡlʌv] n. 手套;girl [ɡə:l] n. 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/v/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DySedIAYgoKsywxoVI4cNSDinKe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/f/谐音“府”,/v/就是北方人把W读成V那种感觉。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ISoKdAUgYoGIyExI5y6cPFHfnPh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法:发音前,上齿咬住下嘴唇,然后使气流由唇齿间的缝隙中通过,从而引起摩擦。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RM62de2eqoAkcixAxO3c7o2nn2b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/f/是清辅音,发音时声带不震动;/v/是浊辅音,发音时声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AGkSdk02UoUYoqx87ogcwnwpnPf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例:/f/:flower ['flaʊər] n. 花;fly [flai] vi.飞, 飞行","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DmI8dMaAyocKYixCAJOcvEDznmb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/v/:love [lʌv] v. 爱;seven [ˈsevən] num. 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“也”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MiEYdKWOGoYoCsxaALDcfRxtn7d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[w] =圆唇噘嘴的“我”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Eakqd8i8gomqCCx0C5ScvszAn3c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"破擦音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PWgEdOqSCo2cwaxgnVNcniofnCc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[tʃ]= 不发声的“吃”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QUISdIOmYo8CAEx2xyfcxw1EnMg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[dʒ]= “居”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XGoQdUkewoOKqwxg1NmcNvosncd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ts]=不发声的“次”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"P8K6ducAkoeSccxsVFec10Icnve"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[dz]=“子”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V2CSdAm0ioYYcqxADoecjOXUn5T"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[tr] 先发“t”,在发“r”,最后结合在一起","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PMwOdSKYsoO6yyxKW0vcyzhxnBb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[dr] 同上","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PqcCdaYuSosyuIx02oycX1iwnQh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"词汇拼读","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I0GedsKk0oUgoOxuyXccgX1vnGe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、规划拼读任务,拿出单词书或课本词汇表,找只含1~2个音节的单词拼读,20个为一组,每天练习3组,当然如果有时间,多进行几组也OK,加强效果。后期难度逐渐加大。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YiK6dkyMqoE6KYxcZFecaO2Onic"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、输入法识别词汇,每拼读一个词汇,都对着X飞输入法的语音识别功能朗读,看能否被输入法识别出单词,用机器来检测是否读的准确。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"F82MdiS0OoEyEyxk1SicCu6vnaf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、听词汇跟读,不管输入法识别出单词,还是没识别出单词,都要查手机字典,来听一遍听力,并跟读,模仿语调和轻重读音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GcOsd4I80oaSsExCYAecvtgonmg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"例如:Cash driver apartment money breakfast lawyer agency ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UAkYd6KyoosOe8xyaEycPumwn0d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习计划","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ig8edugQyogYa8xmCTpcTKcgnRf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、国际音标,一共48个,每天学4个,12天学完,元音和辅音每天各学习两个。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Kk6IdUSM0omgecxaQbkcSsZsnve"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、学完以后结合和音标相关的单词,每天坚持读一个小时,第二天要把第一天的一块儿读,第三天要把前两天的一块儿读,依次类推,坚持学完所有的音标,就可以读字典上任何一个单词。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QG6sdm2M4o68ouxYDuzcFDxhn9g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、长期坚持下去,会发现其实很多字母和音标有着关联,比如ph都发音标f的音,字母u发尖a的音,类似的规律,当大家坚持下来以后会发现很多,同时你甚至可以听到单词的发音就能把单词拼出来,直接就把背单词的问题解决了,音标会读,单词会读,单词会背,听力当然也不再是问题。自己总结出来的规律说明真的学会了,同时自己得出来的结论要比老师直接告诉你印象更深刻,同时最重要的是用起来更容易。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Km8odoYG4omMG2xQjwvctwuOn8e"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意事项","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XS6WduK8gocSyQxwpyYc32mDnId"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、了解发音要领,模仿老师口型","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QaWwde6UQoWyyox8b3Yc0PnGngd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习语音,一定要注意口型,并仔细揣摩每个音标的发音要领,特别是相似音标的发音区别。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Jii2diISEoMkQixoveicLaPdn7b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"零基础学员不要以为盯着老师的口型就好了,其实发音很多都是内部器官看不到的, 所以需要老师正确的发音示范,跟着老师一起读,然后再加上老师给的一些技巧,继续跟读,老师感觉哪有问题,再帮着纠正,这样一系列过程才是练成标准发音的秘籍。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Pow0deEogocwqexqKJOchO9Qnbc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、 单词拼读实战,一对一纠正错误","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KqAmdu0E4oWkkExaukOcf14rnHf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"养成一口纯正口语最重要的还是练习练习再练习,单词拼读实战训练,巩固你的发音。不断读,不断纠正,训练单个音标到训练多个单词,在学习语音的过程中,再掌握一些基础的词汇。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"B0cyd2a4kowyACxM4E2cCki4nsi"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、辩音练习,纠正错误,掌握发音规律","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AQWQdmkKmoYcqyxsrTAcvvH8nhy"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"训练难度会随着课程的深入不断加强,但还是训练相同的内容,一节课很多类似的训练内容。音标中很多类似的发音,将相似音放在一起对比再练习,舌头和耳朵在这很重要。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LyKYdA4oIoQC8exa2vjcYOc1nle"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"G4aGdqMEMoO2AGxkzAkcWRvAnHd"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E
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